Physics – Condensed Matter – Soft Condensed Matter
Scientific paper
2009-04-30
J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 21 (2009) 464116 (10pp)
Physics
Condensed Matter
Soft Condensed Matter
21 pages, 11 figures, 2 tables
Scientific paper
10.1088/0953-8984/21/46/464116
We review recent work on the phase behaviour of binary charged sphere mixtures as a function of particle concentration and composition. Both size ratios and charge ratios are varied over a wide range. By contrast to hard spheres the long ranged Coulomb interaction stabilizes the crystal phase at low particle concentrations and shifts the occurrence of amorphous solids to particle concentrations considerably larger than the freezing concentration. Depending on size- and charge ratios we observe upper azeotrope, spindle, lower azeotrope and eutectic types of phase diagrams, all known well from metal systems. Most solids are of body centred cubic structure. Occasionally stoichiometric compounds are formed at large particle concen-trations. For very low size ratios entropic effects dominate and induce a fluid-fluid phase separation. As for charged spheres also the charge ratio is decisive for the type of phase behaviour, future experiments with charge variable silica spheres are suggested.
Herlach Dieter
Holland-Moritz Dirk
Klassen Ina
Lorenz Nina J.
Okubo Tsuneo
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