Non-equilibrium Fluctuation Relations in a Quantum Coherent Conductor

Details Non-equilibrium Fluctuation Relations in a Quantum Coherent Conductor Non-equilibrium Fluctuation Relations in a Quantum Coherent Conductor

2009-11-18

arxiv.org/abs/0911.3470v2

Phys. Rev. Lett. 104, 080602 (2010).

Physics

Condensed Matter

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics

4 pages, 4 figures with 1-page appendix.

Scientific paper

10.1103/PhysRevLett.104.080602

We experimentally demonstrate the validity of non-equilibrium fluctuation relations by using a quantum coherent conductor. In equilibrium the fluctuation-dissipation relation leads to the correlation between current and current noise at the conductor, namely, Johnson-Nyqusit relation. When the conductor is voltage-biased so that the non-linear regime is entered, the fluctuation theorem has predicted similar non-equilibrium fluctuation relations, which hold true even when the Onsager-Casmir relations are broken in magnetic fields. Our experiments qualitatively validate the predictions as the first evidence of this theorem in the non-equilibrium quantum regime. In the appendix, we give simple deduction of the higher order correlations between the current and the current noise based on the fluctuation theorem.

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