Off-diagonal correlations in a one-dimensional gas of dipolar bosons

Details Off-diagonal correlations in a one-dimensional gas of dipolar bosons Off-diagonal correlations in a one-dimensional gas of dipolar bosons

2009-10-21

arxiv.org/abs/0910.4165v2

New J. Phys. 12, 033032 (2010)

Physics

Condensed Matter

Quantum Gases

10 pages, 6 figures. v2: fixed a mistake in the comparison with Ref. 9, as well as several typos. Published version

Scientific paper

10.1088/1367-2630/12/3/033032

We present a quantum Monte Carlo study of the one-body density matrix (OBDM) and the momentum distribution of one-dimensional dipolar bosons, with dipole moments polarized perpendicular to the direction of confinement. We observe that the long-range nature of the dipole interaction has dramatic effects on the off-diagonal correlations: although the dipoles never crystallize, the system goes from a quasi-condensate regime at low interactions to a regime in which quasi-condensation is discarded, in favor of quasi-solidity. For all strengths of the dipolar interaction, the OBDM shows an oscillatory behavior coexisting with an overall algebraic decay; and the momentum distribution shows sharp kinks at the wavevectors of the oscillations, $Q = \pm 2\pi n$ (where $n$ is the atom density), beyond which it is strongly suppressed. This \emph{momentum filtering} effect introduces a characteristic scale in the momentum distribution, which can be arbitrarily squeezed by lowering the atom density. This shows that one-dimensional dipolar Bose gases, realized e.g. by trapped dipolar molecules, show strong signatures of the dipolar interaction in time-of-flight measurements.

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