Vortices in Bose-Einstein-Condensed Atomic Clouds

Details Vortices in Bose-Einstein-Condensed Atomic Clouds Vortices in Bose-Einstein-Condensed Atomic Clouds

1998-05-27

arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/9805351v2

Physics

Condensed Matter

Revtex, 11 pages including 5 eps figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. A; new reference added, remark added in Sec. IIIB, axis labe

Scientific paper

10.1103/PhysRevA.58.4816

The properties of vortex states in a Bose-Einstein condensed cloud of atoms are considered at zero temperature. Using both analytical and numerical methods we solve the time-dependent Gross-Pitaevskii equation for the case when a cloud of atoms containing a vortex is released from a trap. In two dimensions we find the simple result that the time dependence of the cloud radius is given by $(1+\omega^2t^2)^{1/2}$, where $\omega$ is the trap frequency. We calculate and compare the expansion of the vortex core and the cloud radius for different numbers of particles and interaction strengths, in both two and three dimensions, and discuss the circumstances under which vortex states may be observed experimentally.

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