Spectroscopy of the soliton lattice formation in quasi-one-dimensional fermionic superfluids with population imbalance

Details Spectroscopy of the soliton lattice formation in quasi-one-dimensional fermionic superfluids with population imbalance Spectroscopy of the soliton lattice formation in quasi-one-dimensional fermionic superfluids with population imbalance

2010-10-19

arxiv.org/abs/1010.4033v3

Phys. Rev. A 84, 033609 (2011)

Physics

Condensed Matter

Superconductivity

23 pages, 12 figures, minor changes, updated references

Scientific paper

10.1103/PhysRevA.84.033609

Motivated by recent experiments in low-dimensional trapped fermionic superfluids, we study a quasi-one-dimensional (quasi-1D) superfluid with a population imbalance between two hyperfine states using an exact mean-field solution for the order parameter. When an effective "magnetic field" exceeds a critical value, the superfluid order parameter develops spatial inhomogeneity in the form of a soliton lattice. The soliton lattice generates a band of quasiparticle states inside the energy gap, which originate from the Andreev bound states localized at the solitons. Emergence of the soliton lattice is accompanied by formation of a spin-density wave, with the majority fermions residing at the points in space where the Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov (FFLO) order parameter vanishes. We discuss possibilities for experimental detection of the quasi-1D FFLO state using elastic and inelastic optical Bragg scattering and radio-frequency spectroscopy. We show that these measurements can provide necessary information for unambiguous identification of the spatially-inhomogeneous quasi-1D FFLO state and the soliton lattice formation.

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