Solitons and vortices in an evolving Bose-Einstein condensate

Details Solitons and vortices in an evolving Bose-Einstein condensate Solitons and vortices in an evolving Bose-Einstein condensate

2008-11-06

arxiv.org/abs/0811.0874v1

Physical Review A 77,035602(2008)

Physics

Condensed Matter

Superconductivity

4 pages, 4 figures

Scientific paper

10.1103/PhysRevA.77.035602

Spatiotemporal evolution of a confined Bose-Einstein condensate is studied by numerically integrating the time-dependent Gross-Pitaevskii equation. Self-interference between the successively expanding and reflecting nonlinear matter waves results in spiral atomic density profile, which subsequently degenerates into an embedding structure: The inner part preserves memory of the initial states while the outer part forms a sequence of necklacelike rings. The phase plot reveals a series of discrete concentric belts. The large gradients between adjacent belts indicate that the ring density notches are dark solitons. In the dynamical process, a scenario of vortex-antivortex pairs are spontaneously created and annihilated, whereas the total vorticity keeps invariant.

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