Ehrenfest-time-dependent excitation gap in a chaotic Andreev billiard

Details Ehrenfest-time-dependent excitation gap in a chaotic Andreev billiard Ehrenfest-time-dependent excitation gap in a chaotic Andreev billiard

2002-02-12

arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/0202206v1

Phys.Rev.Lett. 89, 237002 (2002)

Physics

Condensed Matter

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics

4 pages, 2 figures, RevTeX

Scientific paper

10.1103/PhysRevLett.89.237002

A semiclassical theory is developed for the appearance of an excitation gap in a ballistic chaotic cavity connected by a point contact to a superconductor. Diffraction at the point contact is a singular perturbation in the limit $\hbar\to 0$, which opens up a gap $E_{\rm gap}$ in the excitation spectrum. The time scale $\hbar/E_{\rm gap}\propto\alpha^{-1}\ln\hbar$ (with $\alpha$ the Lyapunov exponent) is the Ehrenfest time, the characteristic time scale of quantum chaos.

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