Physics – Condensed Matter
Scientific paper
1995-05-17
Physics
Condensed Matter
To appear in the Proceedings of the Stanford Conference on Spectroscopies in Novel Superconductors (1995), 7 pages, REVTeX wit
Scientific paper
10.1016/0022-3697(95)00228-6
I review recent work on magnetic dynamics of the high temperature superconductors using a model that combines two weakly interacting species of low-energy excitations: the antiferromagnetic spin waves which carry spin-1 and no charge, and Fermi-liquid-like quasiparticles which carry spin-1/2 and charge e. The model allows conversion of spin waves into electron-hole pairs; however, the low-energy spin waves are not collective modes of the quasiparticles near the Fermi surface, but rather are a separate branch of the low-energy spectrum. With certain experimentally justified assumptions, this theory is remarkably universal: the dependence on the detailed microscopic Hamiltonian and on doping can be absorbed into several experimentally measurable parameters. The z=1 theory of the insulators and z=2 theory of the overdoped materials, are both reproduced as limiting cases of the theory described here, which predicts that the underdoped materials remain in z=1 universality class at sufficiently high temperature. This theory provides a framework for understanding both the experimental results and microscopic calculations, and in particular yields a possible explanation of the spin gap phenomenon. I also discuss some of the important unresolved issues.
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