Physics – Condensed Matter – Materials Science
Scientific paper
2010-04-14
Physics
Condensed Matter
Materials Science
20 pages, 5 figures
Scientific paper
The main problem in theoretical analysis of structures with strong confinement is the fact that standard mathematical tools: differential equations and Fourier's transformations are no longer applicable. In this paper we have demonstrated that method of Green's functions can be successfully used on low-dimension crystal samples, as a consequence of quantum size effects. We can illustrate modified model through the prime cubic structure molecular crystal: bulk and ultrathin film. Our analysis starts with standard exciton Hamiltonian with definition of commutative Green's function and equation of motion. We have presented detailed procedure of calculations of Green's functions, and further dispersion law, distribution of states and relative permittivity for bulk samples. After this, we have followed the same procedures for obtaining the properties of excitons in ultra-thin films. The results have been presented graphically. Besides modified method of Green's functions we have shown that the exciton energy spectrum is discrete in film structures (with number of energy levels equal to the number of atomic planes of the film). Compared to the bulk structures, with continual absorption zone, in film structures exist resonant absorption peaks. With increased film thickness differences between bulk and film vanish.
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