Local Inhomogeneity Effects on Nucleation Process in a High External Bias

Details Local Inhomogeneity Effects on Nucleation Process in a High External Bias Local Inhomogeneity Effects on Nucleation Process in a High External Bias

2001-02-21

arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/0102375v1

Physics

Condensed Matter

Statistical Mechanics

10 pages, 6 figures

Scientific paper

10.1103/PhysRevB.64.134106

Quantum nucleation processes in the presence of local moderate inhomogeneities are studied theoretically at high biases. The quantum nucleation rate Gamma is calculated for one-dimensional systems in a form Gamma = A e^(-B/hbar) by using the `bounce' method. The bias-dependence of the exponent B is shown to be changed by inhomogeneities. This change is explained by the reduction of the effective spatial dimension of the system. By studying the system-size dependence of the prefactor A, the condition for the appearance of inhomogeneity effects is evaluated. Nucleation rates in thermal activation regimes are also calculated, and compared with quantum tunneling regimes. For higher-dimensional systems, it is shown that the local approximation of inhomogeneity does not hold, and that spatial profiles of inhomogeneity become important.

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