The Mott insulator transition in two dimensions

Details The Mott insulator transition in two dimensions The Mott insulator transition in two dimensions

2006-06-08

arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/0606216v2

Physics

Condensed Matter

Other Condensed Matter

Expanded version of text accepted for publication in PRL. Changes: significant textual improvement, and corrected numerical tr

Scientific paper

Cold atoms confined in periodic potentials are remarkably versatile quantum systems for implementing simple models prevalent in condensed matter theory. In the current experiment, we realize the 2D Bose-Hubbard model by loading a Bose-Einstein condensate into an optical lattice, and we study the resulting Mott insulating state (a phase of matter in which atoms are localized on specific lattice sites). We measure momentum distributions which agree quantitatively with theory (no adjustable parameters). We also study correlations in atom shot nose and observe a pronounced dependence on the lattice depth, this dependence indicates geometric effects to first order and suggests deviations due to higher order corrections.

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