The Simplest Piston Problem I: Elastic Collisions

Details The Simplest Piston Problem I: Elastic Collisions The Simplest Piston Problem I: Elastic Collisions

2005-07-20

arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/0507485v2

Phys. Rev. E 73, 016136 (2006)

Physics

Condensed Matter

Statistical Mechanics

8 pages, 8 figures, 2-column revtex4 format

Scientific paper

10.1103/PhysRevE.73.016136

We study the dynamics of three elastic particles in a finite interval where two light particles are separated by a heavy ``piston''. The piston undergoes surprisingly complex motion that is oscillatory at short time scales but seemingly chaotic at longer scales. The piston also makes long-duration excursions close to the ends of the interval that stem from the breakdown of energy equipartition. Many of these dynamical features can be understood by mapping the motion of three particles on the line onto the trajectory of an elastic billiard in a highly skewed tetrahedral region. We exploit this picture to construct a qualitative random walk argument that predicts a power-law tail, with exponent -3/2, for the distribution of time intervals between successive piston crossings of the interval midpoint. These predictions are verified by numerical simulations.

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