Probing number squeezing of ultracold atoms across the superfluid-Mott insulator transition

Details Probing number squeezing of ultracold atoms across the superfluid-Mott insulator transition Probing number squeezing of ultracold atoms across the superfluid-Mott insulator transition

2005-11-03

arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/0511080v3

Phys. Rev. Lett. 96, 090401 (2006)

Physics

Condensed Matter

Other Condensed Matter

4 pages; 4 figures

Scientific paper

10.1103/PhysRevLett.96.090401

The evolution of on-site number fluctuations of ultracold atoms in optical lattices is experimentally investigated by monitoring the suppression of spin-changing collisions across the superfluid-Mott insulator transition. For low atom numbers, corresponding to an average filling factor close to unity, large on-site number fluctuations are necessary for spin-changing collisions to occur. The continuous suppression of spin-changing collisions is thus a direct evidence for the emergence of number-squeezed states. In the Mott insulator regime, we find that spin-changing collisions are suppressed until a threshold atom number, consistent with the number where a Mott plateau with doubly-occupied sites is expected to form.

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