Physics – Condensed Matter – Disordered Systems and Neural Networks
Scientific paper
2003-11-13
Science 2003 October 31; 302: 849-852
Physics
Condensed Matter
Disordered Systems and Neural Networks
15 pages, 3 .eps figures
Scientific paper
10.1126/science.1089446
When a liquid is cooled below its melting temperature it usually crystallizes. However, if the quenching rate is fast enough, it is possible that the system remains in a disordered state, progressively losing its fluidity upon further cooling. When the time needed for the rearrangement of the local atomic structure reaches approximately 100 seconds, the system becomes "solid" for any practical purpose, and this defines the glass transition temperature $T_g$. Approaching this transition from the liquid side, different systems show qualitatively different temperature dependencies of the viscosity, and, accordingly, they have been classified introducing the concept of "fragility". We report experimental observations that relate the microscopic properties of the {\it glassy phase} to the fragility. We find that the vibrational properties of the glass {\it well below} $T_g$ are correlated with the fragility value. Consequently, we extend the fragility concept to the glassy state and indicate how to determine the fragility uniquely from glass properties well below $T_g$.
Monaco Giulio
Ruocco Giancarlo
Scopigno Tullio
Sette Francesco
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