Physics – Condensed Matter – Soft Condensed Matter
Scientific paper
1997-10-09
Physical Review Letters, vol 80, p. 964 (1998).
Physics
Condensed Matter
Soft Condensed Matter
12 preprint pages, 3 figures in 2 parts each. For more info, see http://mobydick.physics.utoronto.ca
Scientific paper
10.1103/PhysRevLett.80.964
We report experiments on convection driven by a radial electrical force in suspended annular smectic A liquid crystal films. In the absence of an externally imposed azimuthal shear, a stationary one-dimensional (1D) pattern consisting of symmetric vortex pairs is formed via a supercritical transition at the onset of convection. Shearing reduces the symmetries of the base state and produces a traveling 1D pattern whose basic periodic unit is a pair of asymmetric vortices. For a sufficiently large shear, the primary bifurcation changes from supercritical to subcritical. We describe measurements of the resulting hysteresis as a function of the shear at radius ratio $\eta \sim 0.8$. This simple pattern forming system has an unusual combination of symmetries and control parameters and should be amenable to quantitative theoretical analysis.
Daya Zahir A.
de Bruyn John R.
Deyirmenjian Vatche B.
Morris Stephen W.
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