Physics – Condensed Matter – Strongly Correlated Electrons
Scientific paper
2005-08-22
Phys. Rev. B 78, 174411 (2008)
Physics
Condensed Matter
Strongly Correlated Electrons
v2: The version published in Phys. Rev B. A new section has been added; a gap in the earlier version of the proof has been eli
Scientific paper
10.1103/PhysRevB.78.174411
In this paper we address the question of the existence of a spectral gap in a class of local Hamiltonians. These Hamiltonians have the following properties: their ground states are known exactly; all equal-time correlation functions of local operators are short-ranged; and correlation functions of certain non-local operators are critical. A variational argument shows gaplessness with $\omega \propto k^2$ at critical points defined by the absence of certain terms in the Hamiltonian, which is remarkable because equal-time correlation functions of local operators remain short-ranged. We call such critical points, in which spatial and temporal scaling are radically different, quasi-topological. When these terms are present in the Hamiltonian, the models are in gapped topological phases which are of special interest in the context of topological quantum computation.
Freedman Michael
Nayak Chetan
Shtengel Kirill
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