The Surface of a Bose-Einstein Condensed Atomic Cloud

Details The Surface of a Bose-Einstein Condensed Atomic Cloud The Surface of a Bose-Einstein Condensed Atomic Cloud

1999-02-11

arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/9902166v1

Physics

Condensed Matter

8 pages, REVTEX, submitted to Phys. Rev. A

Scientific paper

10.1103/PhysRevA.60.1507

We investigate the structure and collective modes of a planar surface of a trapped Bose-Einstein condensed gas at zero temperature. In the long-wavelength limit we find a mode similar to the gravity wave on the surface of a fluid with the frequency $\omega$ and the wavenumber $q$ related by $\omega^2=Fq/m$. Here $F$ is the force due to the confining potential at the surface and $m$ is the particle mass. At shorter wavelengths we use a variational approach and find corrections to $\omega^2$ of order $q^4 \ln{q}$. We demonstrate the usefulness of the concept of an effective surface tension for describing both static and dynamic properties of condensed atomic clouds.

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