Physics – Condensed Matter – Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics
Scientific paper
2005-06-17
Physics
Condensed Matter
Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics
6 pages, 3 figures, to appear in the proceedings of the fourth conference on ``Unsolved Problems of Noise and Fluctuations in
Scientific paper
10.1063/1.2138618
We investigate the behavior of the shot-noise power through quantum mechanical cavities in the semiclassical limit of small electronic wavelength. In the absence of impurity scattering, the Fano factor $F$, giving the noise to current ratio, was previously found to disappear as more and more classical, hence deterministic and noiseless transmission channels open up. We investigate the behavior of $F$ as diffractive impurities are added inside the cavity. We find that $F$ recovers its universal value provided (i) impurities cover the full cavity so that only a set of zero measure of classical trajectories may avoid them, and (ii) the impurity scattering rate exceeds the inverse dwell time through the cavity. If condition (i) is not satisfied, $F$ saturates below its universal value, even in the limit of strong scattering. Our results corroborate the validity of the two-phase fluid model according to which the electronic flow splits into two well separated components, a classical deterministic fluid and a stochastic quantum-mechanical fluid. Only the latter carries shot-noise.
Jacquod Philippe
Whitney Robert S.
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