Measuring Nonequilibrium Temperature of Forced Oscillators

Details Measuring Nonequilibrium Temperature of Forced Oscillators Measuring Nonequilibrium Temperature of Forced Oscillators

2002-07-16

arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/0207378v2

Phys. Rev. E 67, 026121 (2003)

Physics

Condensed Matter

Statistical Mechanics

8 pages

Scientific paper

10.1103/PhysRevE.67.026121

The meaning of temperature in nonequilibrium thermodynamics is considered by using a forced harmonic oscillator in a heat bath, where we have two effective temperatures for the position and the momentum, respectively. We invent a concrete model of a thermometer to testify the validity of these different temperatures from the operational point of view. It is found that the measured temperature depends on a specific form of interaction between the system and a thermometer, which means the zeroth law of thermodynamics cannot be immediately extended to nonequilibrium cases.

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