The fate of phonons in freely expanding Bose-Einstein condensates

Details The fate of phonons in freely expanding Bose-Einstein condensates The fate of phonons in freely expanding Bose-Einstein condensates

2004-01-20

arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/0401359v1

Physics

Condensed Matter

Soft Condensed Matter

13 pages, 16 figures

Scientific paper

10.1103/PhysRevA.69.053606

Phonon-like excitations can be imprinted into a trapped Bose-Einstein condensate of cold atoms using light scattering. If the condensate is suddenly let to freely expand, the initial phonons lose their collective character by transferring their energy and momentum to the motion of individual atoms. The basic mechanisms of this evaporation process are investigated by using the Gross-Pitaevskii theory and dynamically rescaled Bogoliubov equations. Different regimes of evaporation are shown to occur depending on the phonon wavelength. Distinctive signatures of the evaporated phonons are visible in the density distribution of the expanded gas, thus providing a new type of spectroscopy of Bogoliubov excitations.

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