Physics – Condensed Matter – Materials Science
Scientific paper
2008-07-18
Physics
Condensed Matter
Materials Science
5 pages and 5 figures
Scientific paper
10.1209/0295-5075/85/46002
Meyer et al (2007) found that free-standing graphene sheets, just one atom thick, display spontaneous ripples. The ripples are of order 2-20 {\AA} high and 20-200 {\AA} wide. The sheets in which they appear are only one atom thick, and extend for around 5000 {\AA} through vacuum between metal struts that support them. Other groups have since created free-standing graphene as well (Garcia-Sanchez 2008 ; Bolotin et al. 2008), and similar ripples have been found for graphene on a glass substrate (Geringer et al. 2008). Here we show that these ripples can be explained as a consequence of adsorbed molecules sitting on random sites. The adsorbates cause the bonds between carbon atoms to lengthen slightly. Static buckles then result from a mechanism like the one that leads to buckling of leaves; buckles caused by roughly 20% coverage of adsorbates are consistent with experimental observations. We explain why this mechanism is more likely to explain rippled than thermal fluctuations or the Mermin-Wagner theorem, which have previously been invoked.
Marder Michael
Moura Maria J. B.
Thompson-Flagg Rebecca C.
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