Compact Waves in Microscopic Nonlinear Diffusion

Physics – Condensed Matter – Statistical Mechanics

Scientific paper

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5 pages, 4 figures

Scientific paper

We analyze the spread of a localized peak of energy into vacuum for nonlinear diffusive processes. In contrast with standard diffusion, the nonlinearity results in a compact wave with a sharp front separating the perturbed region from vacuum. In $d$ spatial dimensions, the front advances as $t^{1/(2+da)}$ according to hydrodynamics, with $a$ the nonlinearity exponent. We show that fluctuations in the front position grow as $\sim t^{\mu} \eta$, where $\mu<1/(2+da)$ is a new exponent that we measure and $\eta$ is a random variable whose distribution we characterize. Fluctuating corrections to hydrodynamic profiles give rise to an excess penetration into vacuum, revealing scaling and universal behavior. We also examine the discharge of a nonlinear rarefaction wave into vacuum. Our results suggest the existence of universal scaling behavior at the fluctuating level in nonlinear diffusion.

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