Physics – Condensed Matter – Quantum Gases
Scientific paper
2011-06-30
Physics
Condensed Matter
Quantum Gases
17 pages, 12 figures, mini-review prepared for the special issue of Frontiers of Physics "Recent Progresses on Quantum Dynamic
Scientific paper
10.1007/s11467-011-0211-2
The one-dimensional Bose gas is an unusual superfluid. In contrast to higher spatial dimensions, the existence of non-classical rotational inertia is not directly linked to the dissipationless motion of infinitesimal impurities. Recently, experimental tests with ultracold atoms have begun and quantitative predictions for the drag force experienced by moving obstacles have become available. This topical review discusses the drag force obtained from linear response theory in relation to Landau's criterion of superfluidity. Based upon improved analytical and numerical understanding of the dynamical structure factor, results for different obstacle potentials are obtained, including single impurities, optical lattices and random potentials generated from speckle patterns. The dynamical breakdown of superfluidity in random potentials is discussed in relation to Anderson localization and the predicted superfluid-insulator transition in these systems.
Brand Joachim
Caux Jean-Sebastien
Cherny Alexander Yu.
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