Macroscopic superpositions of Bose-Einstein condensates

Details Macroscopic superpositions of Bose-Einstein condensates Macroscopic superpositions of Bose-Einstein condensates

1997-08-13

arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/9708089v1

Phys. Rev. A 57 (1998) 511

Physics

Condensed Matter

18 pages, RevTex, 5 postscript figures, 1 MacBinary eps-figure

Scientific paper

10.1103/PhysRevA.57.511

We consider two dilute gas Bose-Einstein condensates with opposite velocities from which a monochromatic light field detuned far from the resonance of the optical transition is coherently scattered. In the thermodynamic limit, when the relative fluctuations of the atom number difference between the two condensates vanish, the relative phase between the Bose-Einstein condensates may be established in a superposition state by detections of spontaneously scattered photons, even though the condensates have initially well-defined atom numbers. For a finite system, stochastic simulations show that the measurements of the scattered photons lead to a randomly drifting relative phase and drive the condensates into entangled superpositions of number states. This is because according to Bose-Einstein statistics the scattering to an already occupied state is enhanced.

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