Theoretical Perspectives on Spintronics and Spin-Polarized Transport

Details Theoretical Perspectives on Spintronics and Spin-Polarized Transport Theoretical Perspectives on Spintronics and Spin-Polarized Transport

2000-02-16

arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/0002256v1

IEEE Trans. Magn. 36, 2821 (2000)

Physics

Condensed Matter

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics

6 pages, uses IEEEtran.sty, review paper to be presented at INTERMAG 2000, to be published in IEEE Transactions on Magnetics

Scientific paper

10.1109/20.908600

Selected problems of fundamental importance for spintronics and spin-polarized transport are reviewed, some of them with a special emphasis on their applications in quantum computing and coherent control of quantum dynamics. The role of the solid-state environment in the decoherence of electron spins is discussed. In particular, the limiting effect of the spin-orbit interaction on spin relaxation of conduction electrons is carefully examined in the light of recent theoretical and experimental progress. Most of the proposed spintronic devices involve spin-polarized transport across interfaces in various hybrid structures. The specific example discussed here, of a magnetic semiconductor/superconductor interface, displays many intricacies which a complex spin-dependent interface introduces in the spin-polarized transport. It is proposed that pairs of entangled electrons in a superconductor (Cooper pairs) can be transfered to a non-superconducting region, and consequently separated for a transport study of the spin entanglement. Several important theoretical proposals for quantum computing are based on electronic and nuclear spin entanglement in a solid. Physical requirements for these proposals to be useful are discussed and some alternative views are presented. Finally, a recent discovery of optical control of nuclear spins in semiconductors is reviewed and placed in the context of a long-standing search for electronic control of nuclear dynamics.

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