Physics – Condensed Matter – Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics
Scientific paper
1998-08-10
Physics
Condensed Matter
Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics
5 pages, 3 figures
Scientific paper
10.1126/science.282.5390.932
A double quantum dot device is a tunable two-level system for electronic energy states. A dc electron current directly measures the rates for elastic and inelastic transitions between the two levels. For inelastic transitions energy is exchanged with bosonic degrees of freedom in the environment. The inelastic transition rates are well described by the Einstein coefficients, relating absorption with stimulated and spontaneous emission. The most effectively coupled bosons in the specific environment of our semiconductor device are acoustic phonons. The experiments demonstrate the importance of vacuum fluctuations in the environment for little circuits of coherent quantum devices.
Aguado Ramon
Broer B. W.
der Wiel Wilfred G. van
Fujisawa Toshimasa
Kouwenhoven Leo P.
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