Vortex nucleation in Bose-Einstein condensates in time-dependent traps

Details Vortex nucleation in Bose-Einstein condensates in time-dependent traps Vortex nucleation in Bose-Einstein condensates in time-dependent traps

2002-11-19

arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/0211401v3

Physics

Condensed Matter

22 pages, 7 figures. Changes after referee report: one new figure, new refs. No conclusions altered

Scientific paper

10.1103/PhysRevA.67.063604

Vortex nucleation in a Bose-Einstein condensate subject to a stirring potential is studied numerically using the zero-temperature, two-dimensional Gross-Pitaevskii equation. It is found that this theory is able to describe the creation of vortices, but not the crystallization of a vortex lattice. In the case of a rotating, slightly anisotropic harmonic potential, the numerical results reproduce experimental findings, thereby showing that finite temperatures are not necessary for vortex excitation below the quadrupole frequency. In the case of a condensate subject to stirring by a narrow rotating potential, the process of vortex excitation is described by a classical model that treats the multitude of vortices created by the stirrer as a continuously distributed vorticity at the center of the cloud, but retains a potential flow pattern at large distances from the center.

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