First-principles quantum simulations of dissociation of molecular condensates: Atom correlations in momentum space

Details First-principles quantum simulations of dissociation of molecular condensates: Atom correlations in momentum space First-principles quantum simulations of dissociation of molecular condensates: Atom correlations in momentum space

2006-06-13

arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/0606345v2

Phys. Rev. A 74, 033620 (2006)

Physics

Condensed Matter

Other Condensed Matter

Final published version, with updated references and minor modifications

Scientific paper

10.1103/PhysRevA.74.033620

We investigate the quantum many-body dynamics of dissociation of a Bose-Einstein condensate of molecular dimers into pairs of constituent bosonic atoms and analyze the resulting atom-atom correlations. The quantum fields of both the molecules and atoms are simulated from first principles in three dimensions using the positive-P representation method. This allows us to provide an exact treatment of the molecular field depletion and s-wave scattering interactions between the particles, as well as to extend the analysis to nonuniform systems. In the simplest uniform case, we find that the major source of atom-atom decorrelation is atom-atom recombination which produces molecules outside the initially occupied condensate mode. The unwanted molecules are formed from dissociated atom pairs with non-opposite momenta. The net effect of this process -- which becomes increasingly significant for dissociation durations corresponding to more than about 40% conversion -- is to reduce the atom-atom correlations. In addition, for nonuniform systems we find that mode-mixing due to inhomogeneity can result in further degradation of the correlation signal. We characterize the correlation strength via the degree of squeezing of particle number-difference fluctuations in a certain momentum-space volume and show that the correlation strength can be increased if the signals are binned into larger counting volumes.

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