First two-dimensional observations of overshielding by the SuperDARN Hokkaido radar

Physics

Scientific paper

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2431 Ionosphere/Magnetosphere Interactions (2736), 2441 Ionospheric Storms (7949), 2443 Midlatitude Ionosphere, 2463 Plasma Convection (2760), 2778 Ring Current

Scientific paper

Two-dimensional ionospheric plasma flows possibly caused by overshielding were observed for the first time. The observations were made by the mid-latitude SuperDARN Hokkaido radar in Japan during a major magnetic storm on December 15, 2006. The magnetosphere was exposed continuously to a southward interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) for several hours during the main phase of the storm. Immediately following the subsequent northward turning of the IMF, an anti-sunward plasma flow was observed for about 14 min in the pre-dusk sector at magnetic latitudes of 50-60 deg, reaching a maximum line-of-sight speed of 70-80 m/s. These features are consistent with a simulation of coupling between the ring current and the ionosphere associated with an overshielding condition. Within 1 h of the first observation, a similar anti-sunward flow was observed during a period of southward-oriented IMF. However, the simulation cannot account for the anti-sunward flow in this case. It is suggested that this second overshielding-like condition is attributable to a sudden contraction of the polar cap associated with the substorm, or to a sudden strengthening of the inertial current converted from the abrupt injection of magnetospheric ions. Thus, the cause of the overshielding is probably not as simple as previously thought. Specific view on future needs from the magnetosphere-ionosphere modeling perspective will be discussed.

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