Topological semimetal: a probable new state of quantum optical lattice gases protected by D$_4$ symmetry

Details Topological semimetal: a probable new state of quantum optical lattice gases protected by D$_4$ symmetry Topological semimetal: a probable new state of quantum optical lattice gases protected by D$_4$ symmetry

2010-11-18

arxiv.org/abs/1011.4301v1

Nature Physics 8, 67-70 (2012)

Physics

Condensed Matter

Quantum Gases

6 pages 5 figures 9 pages of Supplementary Information

Scientific paper

10.1038/nphys2134

We demonstrate that a novel topological semimetal emerges as a parity-protected critical theory for fermionic atoms loaded in the $p$ and $d$ orbital bands of a two-dimensional optical lattice. The new quantum state is characterized by a parabolic band-degeneracy point with Berry flux $2\pi$, in sharp contrast to the $\pi$ flux of Dirac points as in graphene. We prove that this topological liquid is a universal property for all lattices of D$_4$ point group symmetry and the band degeneracy is protected by odd parity. Turning on inter-particle repulsive interaction, the system undergoes a phase transition to a topological insulator, whose experimental signature includes chiral gapless domain-wall modes, reminiscent of quantum Hall edge states.

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