Physics – Condensed Matter – Strongly Correlated Electrons
Scientific paper
2001-08-27
Phys. Rev. B 65, 134410 (2002).
Physics
Condensed Matter
Strongly Correlated Electrons
53 pages in REVTEX, 7 figures in EPS included; revised version with missing references and corrections
Scientific paper
10.1103/PhysRevB.65.134410
A systematic field-theory approach to Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) in the $S=1/2$ quantum antiferromagnetic chain at low temperature $T$ (compared to the exchange coupling $J$) is developed. In particular, effects of a transverse staggered field $h$ and an exchange anisotropy (including a dipolar interaction) $\delta$ on the ESR lineshape are discussed. In the lowest order of perturbation theory, the linewidth is given as $\propto Jh^2/T^2$ and $\propto (\delta/J)^2 T$, respectively. In the case of a transverse staggered field, the perturbative expansion diverges at lower temperature; non-perturbative effects at very low temperature are discussed using exact results on the sine-Gordon field theory. We also compare our field-theory results with the predictions of Kubo-Tomita theory for the high-temperature regime, and discuss the crossover between the two regimes. It is argued that a naive application of the standard Kubo-Tomita theory to the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction gives an incorrect result. A rigorous and exact identity on the polarization dependence is derived for certain class of anisotropy, and compared with the field-theory results.
Affleck Ian
Oshikawa Masaki
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