Weakly interacting Bose gas in the one-dimensional limit

Details Weakly interacting Bose gas in the one-dimensional limit Weakly interacting Bose gas in the one-dimensional limit

2010-12-14

arxiv.org/abs/1012.3048v1

Phys. Rev. Lett. 105, 265302 (2010)

Physics

Condensed Matter

Quantum Gases

to appear in Phys. Rev. Lett

Scientific paper

We prepare a chemically and thermally one-dimensional (1d) quantum degenerate Bose gas in a single microtrap. We introduce a new interferometric method to distinguish the quasicondensate fraction of the gas from the thermal cloud at finite temperature. We reach temperatures down to $kT\approx 0.5\hbar\omega_\perp$ (transverse oscillator eigenfrequency $\omega_\perp$) when collisional thermalization slows down as expected in 1d. At the lowest temperatures the transverse momentum distribution exhibits a residual dependence on the line density $n_{1d}$, characteristic for 1d systems. For very low densities the approach to the transverse single particle ground state is linear in $n_{1d}$.

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