Vortex nucleation and hysteresis phenomena in rotating Bose-Einstein condensates

Details Vortex nucleation and hysteresis phenomena in rotating Bose-Einstein condensates Vortex nucleation and hysteresis phenomena in rotating Bose-Einstein condensates

2000-12-06

arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/0012071v1

Phys. Rev. A 63, 041603 (2001)

Physics

Condensed Matter

3 figures, 4 pages

Scientific paper

10.1103/PhysRevA.63.041603

We study the generation of vortices in rotating Bose--Einstein condensates, a situation which has been realized in a recent experiment (K. W. Madison, F. Chevy, W. Wohlleben, J. Dalibard, Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 84} 806 (2000)). By combining a linear stability analysis with the global optimization of the nonlinear free energy functional, we study the regimes that can be reached in current experiments. We find a hysteresis phenomenon in the vortex nucleation due to the metastabilization of the vortexless condensate. We also prove that for a fast enough rotating trap the ground state of the condensate hosts one or more bent vortex lines.

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