Physics – Condensed Matter – Materials Science
Scientific paper
2003-01-08
J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 72 (2003) 2008-2014.
Physics
Condensed Matter
Materials Science
8 pages, 7 figures, Change content with additional references and figures
Scientific paper
10.1143/JPSJ.72.2008
The effect of edge and corner diffusions on the morphology and on the density of islands nucleated irreversibly on a flat substrate surface is studied. Without edge and corner diffusion, islands are fractal. As an edge diffusion constant $D_e$ increases, islands tend to take a cross shape with four needles in the $< 10 >$ direction. Additional corner diffusion with a diffusion constant $D_c$ yields square islands. When $D_e$ is small relative to the surface diffusion constant $D_s$, the square corner shows the Berg instability to produce hopper growth in the $<11>$ direction. The corner diffusion influences the island number density $n$. At a deposition flux $F$ with a small $D_c$, mainly monomers are mobile and $n \propto (F/D_s)^{1/3}$. At large $D_c$, dimers and trimers are also mobile and $n \propto F^{3/7} D_s^{-5/21} D_c^{-4/21}$. The $F$ dependence is in good agreement to the rate equation analysis, but the dependence on $D_c$ cannot be explained by the theory.
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