Thermalisation by a boson bath in a pure state

Details Thermalisation by a boson bath in a pure state Thermalisation by a boson bath in a pure state

2007-09-24

arxiv.org/abs/0709.3768v2

Eur. Phys. J. B 61 (2008) p. 193

Physics

Condensed Matter

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics

Scientific paper

10.1140/epjb/e2008-00065-5

We consider a quantum system weakly coupled to a large heat bath of harmonic oscillators. It is well known that such a boson bath initially at thermal equilibrium thermalises the system. We show that assuming a priori an equilibrium state is not necessary to obtain the thermalisation of the system. We determine the complete Schr\"odinger time evolution of the subsystem of interest for an initial pure product state of the composite system consisting of the considered system and the bath. We find that the system relaxes into canonical equilibrium for almost all initial pure bath states of macroscopically well-defined energy. The temperature of the system asymptotic thermal state is determined by the energy of the initial bath state as the corresponding microcanonical temperature. Moreover, the time evolution of the system is identical to the one obtained assuming that the boson bath is initially at thermal equilibrium with this temperature. A significant part of our approach is applicable to other baths and we identify the bath features which are requisite for the thermalisation studied.

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