Theoretical study of amplitude pulsations of 'key-down' whistler mode signals in the geomagnetosphere

Physics

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Earth Magnetosphere, Magnetoionics, Radio Signals, Very Low Frequencies, Vlf Emission Recorders, Whistlers, Amplitude Modulation, Continuous Spectra, Electromagnetic Wave Transmission, Electron Distribution, Energy Dissipation, Geomagnetic Pulsations, Geomagnetism, Gyrofrequency, Integral Equations, Plasma-Electromagnetic Interaction, Spatial Distribution

Scientific paper

Equations are derived which govern modulation of a continuous-wave whistler-mode transmission by gyroresonant electrons in a region limited in spatial extent. This model is similar to that used to explain the qualitative features of discrete VLF emissions in the geomagnetosphere. It is found that nonlinear wave-particle interaction results in amplitude modulation of the wave. An integral equation is then derived for the amplitude of the signal leaving the region. Numerical solutions of this equation for a loss-cone electron distribution and parameters typical of the geomagnetosphere at L = 3 result in quasi-periodic pulsations in amplitude for sufficiently high densities of resonant electrons. The frequency of these pulsations is in the several-hertz range, consistent with observations. Similarities of and differences between these calculations and previous theoretical studies of 'key-down' transmissions are discussed.

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