The nature of self-localization in open optical lattices

Details The nature of self-localization in open optical lattices The nature of self-localization in open optical lattices

2011-12-04

arxiv.org/abs/1112.0719v1

Physics

Condensed Matter

Quantum Gases

Scientific paper

We analytically describe a novel self-trapping transition (called self-localization) of Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) in one-dimensional optical lattices in the presence of weak dissipation. Self-localization has recently been observed in several studies based upon the discrete nonlinear Schr\"odinger equation (DNLS) including boundary dissipation, however, its origin is hitherto an open question. We show that self-localization is based upon a self-trapping bifurcation in the system paired with a logarithmic dependence on the system size. Furthermore, we establish that the origin of the bifurcation is the Peierls-Nabarro barrier, an energy threshold describing the stability of self-trapped states. Beyond the mean-field approximation (including higher-order correlation functions) the bifurcation becomes even sharper which is also reflected by a sudden change of the coherence of the condensate. While the bifurcation can be readily studied in ongoing experiments in optical lattices, our results allow for the preparation of robust and long-time coherent quantum states.

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