Temperature-Dependent Frequency Shifts in Collective Excitations of a Bose-Einstein Condensate

Details Temperature-Dependent Frequency Shifts in Collective Excitations of a Bose-Einstein Condensate Temperature-Dependent Frequency Shifts in Collective Excitations of a Bose-Einstein Condensate

1998-04-09

arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/9804108v1

Physics

Condensed Matter

13 pages, RevTex, 2 EPS figures

Scientific paper

10.1103/PhysRevA.59.1562

By including the contribution of the thermal cloud to the Lagrangian of the condensate of a Bose gas, we extend the time-dependent variational method at zero temperature to study temperature-dependent low collective excitation modes. A Gaussian trial wave function of the condensate and a static distribution density of the thermal cloud are used, and analytical expressions for temperature-dependent excitation frequencies obtained. Theoretical results are compared with measurements in the JILA and MIT experiments.

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