Superfluid-insulator transition in a moving system of interacting bosons

Details Superfluid-insulator transition in a moving system of interacting bosons Superfluid-insulator transition in a moving system of interacting bosons

2004-11-01

arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/0411047v2

Phys. Rev. Lett. 95, 020402 (2005)

Physics

Condensed Matter

Soft Condensed Matter

updated refernces and introduction, minor corrections

Scientific paper

10.1103/PhysRevLett.95.020402

We analyze stability of superfluid currents in a system of strongly interacting ultra-cold atoms in an optical lattice. We show that such a system undergoes a dynamic, irreversible phase transition at a critical phase gradient that depends on the interaction strength between atoms. At commensurate filling, the phase boundary continuously interpolates between the classical modulation instability of a weakly interacting condensate and the equilibrium quantum phase transition into a Mott insulator state at which the critical current vanishes. We argue that quantum fluctuations smear the transition boundary in low dimensional systems. Finally we discuss the implications to realistic experiments.

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