Superconducting gravity gradiometer for sensitive gravity measurements. I. Theory

Details Superconducting gravity gradiometer for sensitive gravity measurements. I. Theory Superconducting gravity gradiometer for sensitive gravity measurements. I. Theory

Jun 1987

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1987phrvd..35.3551c&link_type=abstract

Physical Review D (Particles and Fields), Volume 35, Issue 12, 15 June 1987, pp.3551-3571

Physics

Condensed Matter

Superconductivity

28

Velocity, Acceleration, And Rotation

Scientific paper

Because of the equivalence principle, a global measurement is necessary to distinguish gravity from acceleration of the reference frame. A gravity gradiometer is therefore an essential instrument needed for precision tests of gravity laws and for applications in gravity survey and inertial navigation. Superconductivity and SQUID (superconducting quantum interference device) technology can be used to obtain a gravity gradiometer with very high sensitivity and stability. A superconducting gravity gradiometer has been developed for a null test of the gravitational inverse-square law and space-borne geodesy. Here we present a complete theoretical model of this instrument. Starting from dynamical equations for the device, we derive transfer functions, a common mode rejection characteristic, and an error model of the superconducting instrument. Since a gradiometer must detect a very weak differential gravity signal in the midst of large platform accelerations and other environmental disturbances, the scale factor and common mode rejection stability of the instrument are extremely important in addition to its immunity to temperature and electromagnetic fluctuations. We show how flux quantization, the Meissner effect, and properties of liquid helium can be utilized to meet these challenges.

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