Subwavelength waveguiding and imaging with a one-dimensional array of metallic H-fractals

Physics

Scientific paper

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Scientific paper

We demonstrate, both experimentally and theoretically, subwavelength waveguiding and imaging through a one-dimensional (1D) array of 3D metallic H-fractals. The waveguide formed by the fractal array is subwavelength in all cross-sectional dimensions, thereby allowing compact designs for guided propagation of long-wavelength EM waves. The underlying physics is governed by the fractal metallic wire structure that allows subwavelength resonances. The measured results indicate that such waveguides can provide low-loss propagation of EM waves with a decay length in the range 10-40 m, achieved through coupling of resonant dipoles/multipoles between neighboring H-fractals along the wave propagation direction. By treating the waveguide as a 1D photonic crystal, the calculated bandstructure shows that in the neighborhood of peak transmission frequencies the dispersion relations are relatively flat as a function of the wave vector, implying low group velocities. This is experimentally verified. Owing to the increased spatial information carried at such transmission frequencies, imaging becomes possible and this was observed by placing an obstacle at the inlet and scanning the local field intensity at the other end of the waveguide.

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