Physics – Condensed Matter – Statistical Mechanics
Scientific paper
2005-10-31
Physics
Condensed Matter
Statistical Mechanics
10 pages. Proceedings of NEXT-SigmaPhi conference, Kolymbari, 13-18 August 2005
Scientific paper
10.1016/j.physa.2006.01.030
Distributions exhibiting fat tails occur frequently in many different areas of science. A dynamical reason for fat tails can be a so-called superstatistics, where one has a superposition of local Gaussians whose variance fluctuates on a rather large spatio-temporal scale. After briefly reviewing this concept, we explore in more detail a class of superstatistics that hasn't been subject of many investigations so far, namely superstatistics for which a suitable power beta^eta of the local inverse temperature beta is chi^2-distributed. We show that eta >0 leads to power law distributions, while eta <0 leads to stretched exponentials. The special case eta=1 corresponds to Tsallis statistics and the special case eta=-1 to exponential statistics of the square root of energy. Possible applications for granular media and hydrodynamic turbulence are discussed.
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