Strain versus stress in a model granular material: a Devil's staircase

Physics – Condensed Matter – Soft Condensed Matter

Scientific paper

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REVTeX, 4 pages, 5 included PostScript figures. New version altered throughout text, very close to published paper

Scientific paper

10.1103/PhysRevLett.85.3628

The series of equilibrium states reached by disordered packings of rigid, frictionless discs in two dimensions, under gradually varying stress, are studied by numerical simulations. Statistical properties of trajectories in configuration space are found to be independent of specific assumptions ruling granular dynamics, and determined by geometry only. A monotonic increase in some macroscopic loading parameter causes a discrete sequence of rearrangements. For a biaxial compression, we show that, due to the statistical importance of such events of large magnitudes, the dependence of the resulting strain on stress direction is a Levy flight in the thermodynamic limit.

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