Spontaneous Four-Wave Mixing of de Broglie Waves: Beyond Optics

Details Spontaneous Four-Wave Mixing of de Broglie Waves: Beyond Optics Spontaneous Four-Wave Mixing of de Broglie Waves: Beyond Optics

2009-11-24

arxiv.org/abs/0911.4564v2

Phys.Rev.Lett.104:150402,2010

Physics

Condensed Matter

Quantum Gases

Scientific paper

10.1103/PhysRevLett.104.150402

We investigate the atom-optical analog of degenerate four-wave mixing of photons by colliding two Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) of metastable helium and measuring the resulting momentum distribution of the scattered atoms with a time and space resolved detector. For the case of photons, phase matching conditions completely define the final state of the system, and in the case of two colliding BECs, simple analogy implies a spherical momentum distribution of scattered atoms. We find, however, that the final momenta of the scattered atoms instead lie on an ellipsoid whose radii are smaller than the initial collision momentum. Numerical and analytical calculations agree well with the measurements, and reveal the interplay between many-body effects, mean-field interaction, and the anisotropy of the source condensate.

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