Physics – Condensed Matter – Quantum Gases
Scientific paper
2010-07-14
Phys. Rev. Lett. 105, 135302 (2010)
Physics
Condensed Matter
Quantum Gases
5 pages, 4 figures
Scientific paper
10.1103/PhysRevLett.105.135302
Parametric amplification of quantum fluctuations constitutes a fundamental mechanism for spontaneous symmetry breaking. In our experiments, a spinor condensate acts as a parametric amplifier of spin modes, resulting in a twofold spontaneous breaking of spatial and spin symmetry in the amplified clouds. Our experiments permit a precise analysis of the amplification in specific spatial Bessel-like modes, allowing for the detailed understanding of the double symmetry breaking. On resonances that create vortex-antivortex superpositions, we show that the cylindrical spatial symmetry is spontaneously broken, but phase squeezing prevents spin-symmetry breaking. If, however, nondegenerate spin modes contribute to the amplification, quantum interferences lead to spin-dependent density profiles and hence spontaneously-formed patterns in the longitudinal magnetization.
Arlt Jochen
Deuretzbacher Frank
Ertmer Wolfgang
Gebreyesus G.
Klempt Carsten
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