Physics – Condensed Matter – Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics
Scientific paper
2004-10-13
Phys. Rev. B 72, 024544 (2005)
Physics
Condensed Matter
Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics
8 pages, 5 figures, references added, to appear in Phys. Rev. B
Scientific paper
10.1103/PhysRevB.72.024544
Charge and spin current correlations are analyzed in a source of spin-entangled electrons built from a superconductor and two quantum dots in parallel. In addition to the ideal (crossed Andreev) channel, parasitic channels (direct Andreev and cotunneling) and spin flip processes are fully described in a density matrix framework. The way they reduce both the efficiency and the fidelity of the entangler is quantitatively described by analyzing the zero-frequency noise correlations of charge current as well as spin current in the two output branches. Spin current noise is characterized by a spin Fano factor, equal to 0 (total current noise) and -1 (crossed correlations) for an ideal entangler. The violation of the Bell inequalities, as a test of non-locality (entanglement) of split pairs, is formulated in terms of the correlations of electron charge and spin numbers counted in a specific time window $\tau$. The efficiency of the test is analyzed, comparing $\tau$ to the various time scales in the entangler operation.
Feinberg Denis
Martin Tara
Sauret Olivier
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