Spin gradient demagnetization cooling of ultracold atoms

Details Spin gradient demagnetization cooling of ultracold atoms Spin gradient demagnetization cooling of ultracold atoms

2010-06-24

arxiv.org/abs/1006.4674v4

Phys. Rev. Lett. 106, 195301 (2011)

Physics

Condensed Matter

Quantum Gases

4 pages, 4 figures; (v4) Shortened, added journal ref

Scientific paper

10.1103/PhysRevLett.106.195301

A major goal of ultracold atomic physics is quantum simulation of spin Hamiltonians in optical lattices. Progress towards this goal requires the attainment of extremely low temperatures. Here we demonstrate a new cooling method which consists of applying a time-varying magnetic field gradient to a spin mixture of ultracold atoms. We have used this method to prepare isolated spin distributions at positive and negative spin temperatures of +/-50 picokelvin. The spin system can also be used to cool other degrees of freedom, and we have used this coupling to reduce the temperature of an apparently equilibrated sample of rubidium atoms in a Mott insulating state to 350 picokelvin. These are the lowest temperatures ever measured in any system.

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