Roundabout relaxation: collective excitation requires a detour to equilibrium

Physics – Condensed Matter – Statistical Mechanics

Scientific paper

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4 pages, 5 figures

Scientific paper

10.1103/PhysRevLett.94.087203

Relaxation to equilibrium after strong and collective excitation is studied, by using a Hamiltonian dynamical system of one dimensional XY model. After an excitation of a domain of $K$ elements, the excitation is concentrated to fewer elements, which are made farther away from equilibrium, and the excitation intensity increases logarithmically with $K$. Equilibrium is reached only after taking this ``roundabout'' route, with the time for relaxation diverging asymptotically as $K^\gamma$ with $\gamma \approx 4.2$.

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