Physics – Condensed Matter – Quantum Gases
Scientific paper
2012-03-27
Front. Phys., 2012, 7(1): 31-53
Physics
Condensed Matter
Quantum Gases
22 pages, review article in Frontiers of Physics: Proceedings on Quantum Dynamics of Ultracold Atoms
Scientific paper
10.1007/s11467-011-0223-y
Quantum simulation is a powerful tool to study a variety of problems in physics, ranging from high-energy physics to condensed-matter physics. In this article, we review the recent theoretical and experimental progress in quantum simulation of Dirac equation with tunable parameters by using ultracold neutral atoms trapped in optical lattices or subject to light-induced synthetic gauge fields. The effective theories for the quasiparticles become relativistic under certain conditions in these systems, making them ideal platforms for studying the exotic relativistic effects. We focus on the realization of one, two, and three dimensional Dirac equations as well as the detection of some relativistic effects, including particularly the well-known Zitterbewegung effect and Klein tunneling. The realization of quantum anomalous Hall effects is also briefly discussed.
Wang Zi-Dan
Zhang Dan-Wei
Zhu Shi-Liang
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