Physics – Condensed Matter – Soft Condensed Matter
Scientific paper
2008-05-02
Phys. Rev. Lett. 101, 128001, (2008)
Physics
Condensed Matter
Soft Condensed Matter
Applet available at http://smcs.na.infn.it/rvlp/rvlp.html Enhanced version resulting from reviewer's comments
Scientific paper
We measure the number Omega(phi) of mechanically stable states of volume fraction phi of a granular assembly under gravity. The granular entropy S(phi) = log Omega(phi) vanishes both at high density, at phi = phi_rcp, and a low density, at phi = phi_rvlp, where phi_rvlp is a new lower bound we call random very loose pack. phi_rlp is the volume fraction where the entropy is maximal. These findings allow for a clear explanation of compaction experiments, and provide the first first-principle definition of the random loose volume fraction. In the context of the statistical mechanics approach to static granular materials, states with phi < phi_rlp are characterized by a negative temperature.
Ciamarra Massimo Pica
Coniglio Antonio
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